Search Results for ""

A strong pseudoprime to a base a is an odd composite number n with n-1=d·2^s (for d odd) for which either a^d=1 (mod n) (1) or a^(d·2^r)=-1 (mod n) (2) for some r=0, 1, ..., ...

A positive integer n is a veryprime iff all primes p<=sqrt(n) satisfy {|2[n (mod p)]-p|<=1 very strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=sqrt(p) strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=p/2 weak. (1) The ...

Given a positive nondecreasing sequence 0<lambda_1<=lambda_2<=..., the zeta-regularized product is defined by product_(n=1)^^^inftylambda_n=exp(-zeta_lambda^'(0)), where ...

A root of a polynomial P(z) is a number z_i such that P(z_i)=0. The fundamental theorem of algebra states that a polynomial P(z) of degree n has n roots, some of which may be ...

A repunit is a number consisting of copies of the single digit 1. The term "repunit" was coined by Beiler (1966), who also gave the first tabulation of known factors. In ...

An affine transformation is any transformation that preserves collinearity (i.e., all points lying on a line initially still lie on a line after transformation) and ratios of ...

The (interior) bisector of an angle, also called the internal angle bisector (Kimberling 1998, pp. 11-12), is the line or line segment that divides the angle into two equal ...

Ball point picking is the selection of points randomly placed inside a ball. n random points can be picked in a unit ball in the Wolfram Language using the function ...

A contravariant tensor is a tensor having specific transformation properties (cf., a covariant tensor). To examine the transformation properties of a contravariant tensor, ...

Instead of picking two points from the interior of the cube, instead pick two points on different faces of the unit cube. In this case, the average distance between the ...