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A one-sided surface reminiscent of the Möbius strip, attributed to Gourmalin (Bouvier and George 1979, p. 477; Boas 1995). This surface is topologically equivalent to a Klein ...

The monster group is the highest order sporadic group M. It has group order |M| = (1) = (2) where the divisors are precisely the 15 supersingular primes (Ogg 1980). The ...

If f(z) is continuous in a region D and satisfies ∮_gammafdz=0 for all closed contours gamma in D, then f(z) is analytic in D. Morera's theorem does not require simple ...

Consider a reference triangle DeltaABC with circumcenter O and orthocenter H, and let DeltaA^*B^*C^* be its reflection triangle. Then Musselman's theorem states that the ...

In number theory (e.g., Ivić 2003), the symbol log_kx is commonly used to mean the nested logarithm (also called the repeated logarithm or iterated logarithm) ...

A number is said to be simply normal to base b if its base-b expansion has each digit appearing with average frequency tending to b^(-1). A normal number is an irrational ...

An odd number is an integer of the form n=2k+1, where k is an integer. The odd numbers are therefore ..., -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7, ... (OEIS A005408), which are also the gnomonic ...

A function H that maps an arbitrary length message M to a fixed length message digest MD is a one-way hash function if 1. It is a one-way function. 2. Given M and H(M), it is ...

Let S be a subset of a metric space. Then the set S is open if every point in S has a neighborhood lying in the set. An open set of radius r and center x_0 is the set of all ...

Two totally ordered sets (A,<=) and (B,<=) are order isomorphic iff there is a bijection f from A to B such that for all a_1,a_2 in A, a_1<=a_2 iff f(a_1)<=f(a_2) (Ciesielski ...