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A curve also known as the Gerono lemniscate. It is given by Cartesian coordinates x^4=a^2(x^2-y^2), (1) polar coordinates, r^2=a^2sec^4thetacos(2theta), (2) and parametric ...

An ellipsoid can be specified parametrically by x = acosusinv (1) y = bsinusinv (2) z = ccosv. (3) The geodesic parameters are then P = sin^2v(b^2cos^2u+a^2sin^2u) (4) Q = ...

In physics, the word entropy has important physical implications as the amount of "disorder" of a system. In mathematics, a more abstract definition is used. The (Shannon) ...

The Euler formula, sometimes also called the Euler identity (e.g., Trott 2004, p. 174), states e^(ix)=cosx+isinx, (1) where i is the imaginary unit. Note that Euler's ...

Euler's 6n+1 theorem states that every prime of the form 6n+1, (i.e., 7, 13, 19, 31, 37, 43, 61, 67, ..., which are also the primes of the form 3n+1; OEIS A002476) can be ...

An evolute is the locus of centers of curvature (the envelope) of a plane curve's normals. The original curve is then said to be the involute of its evolute. Given a plane ...

Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

A method for solving an equation by approximating continuous quantities as a set of quantities at discrete points, often regularly spaced into a so-called grid or mesh. ...

The fish curve is a term coined in this work for the ellipse negative pedal curve with pedal point at the focus for the special case of the eccentricity e^2=1/2. For an ...

Let G be a finite graph and v a vertex of G. The stabilizer of v, stab(v), is the set of group elements {g in Aut(G)|g(v)=v}, where Aut(g) is the graph automorphism group. ...