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The second-order ordinary differential equation (d^2y)/(dx^2)-2x(dy)/(dx)+lambday=0. (1) This differential equation has an irregular singularity at infty. It can be solved ...

An infinitesimal transformation of a vector r is given by r^'=(I+e)r, (1) where the matrix e is infinitesimal and I is the identity matrix. (Note that the infinitesimal ...

A matrix whose entries are all integers. Special cases which arise frequently are those having only (-1,1) as entries (e.g., Hadamard matrix), (0,1)-matrices having only ...

Johnson's theorem states that if three equal circles mutually intersect one another in a single point, then the circle passing through their other three pairwise points of ...

A matrix, also called a canonical box matrix, having zeros everywhere except along the diagonal and superdiagonal, with each element of the diagonal consisting of a single ...

A surface which a monkey can straddle with both legs and his tail. A simple Cartesian equation for such a surface is z=x(x^2-3y^2), (1) which can also be given by the ...

Let u_(p) be a unit tangent vector of a regular surface M subset R^3. Then the normal curvature of M in the direction u_(p) is kappa(u_(p))=S(u_(p))·u_(p), (1) where S is the ...

In elementary geometry, orthogonal is the same as perpendicular. Two lines or curves are orthogonal if they are perpendicular at their point of intersection. Two vectors v ...

The orthogonal complement of a subspace V of the vector space R^n is the set of vectors which are orthogonal to all elements of V. For example, the orthogonal complement of ...

Given a plane ax+by+cz+d=0 (1) and a point x_0=(x_0,y_0,z_0), the normal vector to the plane is given by v=[a; b; c], (2) and a vector from the plane to the point is given by ...