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A relation "<=" is a partial order on a set S if it has: 1. Reflexivity: a<=a for all a in S. 2. Antisymmetry: a<=b and b<=a implies a=b. 3. Transitivity: a<=b and b<=c ...

A formula of first-order logic is in prenex normal form if it is of the form Q_1x_1...Q_nx_nM, (1) where each Q_i is a quantifier forall ("for all") or exists ("exists") and ...

The Racah V-coefficients are written V(j_1j_2j;m_1m_2m) (1) and are sometimes expressed using the related Clebsch-Gordan coefficients C_(m_1m_2)^j=(j_1j_2m_1m_2|j_1j_2jm), ...

The sum c_q(m)=sum_(h^*(q))e^(2piihm/q), (1) where h runs through the residues relatively prime to q, which is important in the representation of numbers by the sums of ...

If the coefficients of the polynomial d_nx^n+d_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+d_0=0 (1) are specified to be integers, then rational roots must have a numerator which is a factor of d_0 and ...

Let R be the class of expressions generated by 1. The rational numbers and the two real numbers pi and ln2, 2. The variable x, 3. The operations of addition, multiplication, ...

In a noncommutative ring R, a right ideal is a subset I which is an additive subgroup of R and such that for all r in R and all a in I, ar in I. (1) For all a in R, the set ...

Subresultants can be viewed as a generalization of resultants, which are the product of the pairwise differences of the roots of polynomials. Subresultants are the most ...

A unit ring is a ring with a multiplicative identity. It is therefore sometimes also known as a "ring with identity." It is given by a set together with two binary operators ...

Midpoint augmentation, a term introduced here, is a variant of conventional augmentation in which each facial polygon is replaced by a triangular polygon joining vertices ...