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Let c_1, c_2, and c_3 be the circles through the vertices A_2 and A_3, A_1 and A_3, and A_1 and A_2, respectively, which intersect in the first Brocard point Omega. ...

A helix, sometimes also called a coil, is a curve for which the tangent makes a constant angle with a fixed line. The shortest path between two points on a cylinder (one not ...

Kontsevich's integral is a far-reaching generalization of the Gauss integral for the linking number, and provides a tool to construct the universal Vassiliev invariant of a ...

In the IEEE 754-2008 standard (referred to as IEEE 754 henceforth), NaN (or "not a number") is a symbolic floating-point representation which is neither a signed infinity nor ...

From the point of view of coordinate charts, the notion of tangent space is quite simple. The tangent space consists of all directions, or velocities, a particle can take. In ...

A hyperbola (plural "hyperbolas"; Gray 1997, p. 45) is a conic section defined as the locus of all points P in the plane the difference of whose distances r_1=F_1P and ...

If the four points making up a quadrilateral are joined pairwise by six distinct lines, a figure known as a complete quadrangle results. A complete quadrangle is therefore a ...

The Griewank function is a function widely used to test the convergence of optimization functions. The Griewank function of order n is defined by ...

A strongly connected digraph is a directed graph in which it is possible to reach any node starting from any other node by traversing edges in the direction(s) in which they ...

Let P_i=x_i:y_i:z_i be trilinear points for i=1, 2, 3. The A-vertex of the unary cofactor triangle is then defined as the point y_2z_3-z_2y_3:z_2x_3-x_2z_3:x_2y_3-y_2x_3, and ...