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A prime gap of length n is a run of n-1 consecutive composite numbers between two successive primes. Therefore, the difference between two successive primes p_k and p_(k+1) ...

A marked point process with mark space E is a double sequence (T,Y)=((T_n)_(n>=1),(Y_n)_(n>=1)) of R^^^+-valued random variables and E^_-valued random variables Y_n defined ...

The salinon is the figure illustrated above formed from four connected semicircles. The word salinon is Greek for "salt cellar," which the figure resembles. If the radius of ...

A simple point process (or SPP) is an almost surely increasing sequence of strictly positive, possibly infinite random variables which are strictly increasing as long as they ...

A figure used in many Asian cultures to symbolize the unity of the two "opposite" female and male elements, the "yin" and "yang." The solid and hollow parts composing the ...

Also called Chvátal's art gallery theorem. If the walls of an art gallery are made up of n straight line segments, then the entire gallery can always be supervised by |_n/3_| ...

The Brocard circle, also known as the seven-point circle, is the circle having the line segment connecting the circumcenter O and symmedian point K of a triangle DeltaABC as ...

There are no fewer than three distinct notions of curve throughout mathematics. In topology, a curve is a one-dimensional continuum (Charatonik and Prajs 2001). In algebraic ...

A formula for the Bell polynomial and Bell numbers. The general formula states that B_n(x)=e^(-x)sum_(k=0)^infty(k^n)/(k!)x^k, (1) where B_n(x) is a Bell polynomial (Roman ...

The set of terms of first-order logic (also known as first-order predicate calculus) is defined by the following rules: 1. A variable is a term. 2. If f is an n-place ...