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The word canonical is used to indicate a particular choice from of a number of possible conventions. This convention allows a mathematical object or class of objects to be ...

The cyclic group C_(11) is unique group of group order 11. An example is the integers modulo 11 under addition (Z_(11)). No modulo multiplication group is isomorphic to ...

C_3 is the unique group of group order 3. It is both Abelian and cyclic. Examples include the point groups C_3, C_(3v), and C_(3h) and the integers under addition modulo 3 ...

C_5 is the unique group of group order 5, which is Abelian. Examples include the point group C_5 and the integers mod 5 under addition (Z_5). No modulo multiplication group ...

C_7 is the cyclic group that is the unique group of group order 7. Examples include the point group C_7 and the integers modulo 7 under addition (Z_7). No modulo ...

An extremum is a maximum or minimum. An extremum may be local (a.k.a. a relative extremum; an extremum in a given region which is not the overall maximum or minimum) or ...

The Kirchhoff index Kf, also simply called the resistance and denoted R (Lukovits et al. 1999), of a connected graph G on n nodes is defined by ...

A modulo multiplication group is a finite group M_m of residue classes prime to m under multiplication mod m. M_m is Abelian of group order phi(m), where phi(m) is the ...

A set of n magic circles is a numbering of the intersections of the n circles such that the sum over all intersections is the same constant for all circles. The above sets of ...

Given a vector space V, its projectivization P(V), sometimes written P(V-0), is the set of equivalence classes x∼lambdax for any lambda!=0 in V-0. For example, complex ...