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The sign of a real number, also called sgn or signum, is -1 for a negative number (i.e., one with a minus sign "-"), 0 for the number zero, or +1 for a positive number (i.e., ...

The game of life is the best-known two-dimensional cellular automaton, invented by John H. Conway and popularized in Martin Gardner's Scientific American column starting in ...

Geometry is the study of figures in a space of a given number of dimensions and of a given type. The most common types of geometry are plane geometry (dealing with objects ...

A square which can be dissected into a number of smaller squares with no two equal is called a perfect square dissection (or a squared square). Square dissections in which ...

The series producing Brun's constant converges even if there are an infinite number of twin primes, first proved by Brun (1919).

Given an arithmetic series {a_1,a_1+d,a_1+2d,...}, the number d is called the common difference associated to the sequence.

Given a geometric sequence {a_1,a_1r,a_1r^2,...}, the number r is called the common ratio associated to the sequence.

A sequence {a_1,a_2,a_3,...} fulfils a given property eventually if it fulfils it from some point onward, or, more precisely, if the property is fulfilled by the subsequence ...

The mathematical golden rule states that, for any fraction, both numerator and denominator may be multiplied by the same number without changing the fraction's value.

The greatest dividing exponent gde(n,b) of a base b with respect to a number n is the largest integer value of k such that b^k|n, where b^k<=n. It is implemented as the ...