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The number of equivalent hyperspheres in n dimensions which can touch an equivalent hypersphere without any intersections, also sometimes called the Newton number, contact ...

The exterior of a knot K is the complement of an open solid torus knotted like K. The removed open solid torus is called a tubular neighborhood (Adams 1994, p. 258).

The conjecture that the Artin L-function of any n-dimensional complex representation of the Galois group of a finite extension of the rational numbers Q is an Artin ...

A distinct (including reflections and rotations) arrangement of adjacent squares on a grid, also called a fixed polyomino.

In the depiction of a row of identical columns parallel to the plane of a perspective drawing, the outer columns should appear wider even though they are farther away.

Likelihood is the hypothetical probability that an event that has already occurred would yield a specific outcome. The concept differs from that of a probability in that a ...

A likelihood function L(a) is the probability or probability density for the occurrence of a sample configuration x_1, ..., x_n given that the probability density f(x;a) with ...

This is proven in Rademacher and Toeplitz (1957).

A member of the smallest algebraically closed subfield L of C which is closed under the exponentiation and logarithm operations.

The Malfatti triangle DeltaGamma_AGamma_BGamma_C of a reference triangle DeltaABC is the triangle formed by the centers of its Malfatti circles.