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The global clustering coefficient C of a graph G is the ratio of the number of closed trails of length 3 to the number of paths of length two in G. Let A be the adjacency ...

The grouping of data into bins (spaced apart by the so-called class interval) plotting the number of members in each bin versus the bin number. The above histogram shows the ...

Consider a game where everyone in a classroom picks a number between 0 and 100. The person closest to half the average wins. Obviously, picking a number over 50 would be ...

Relationships between the number of singularities of plane algebraic curves. Given a plane curve, m = n(n-1)-2delta-3kappa (1) n = m(m-1)-2tau-3iota (2) iota = ...

Fermat's sandwich theorem states that 26 is the only number sandwiched between a perfect square number (5^2=25) and a perfect cubic number (3^3=27). According to Singh ...

Lehmer's totient problem asks if there exist any composite numbers n such that phi(n)|(n-1), where phi(n) is the totient function? No such numbers are known. However, any ...

Determining the maximum number of pieces in which it is possible to divide a circle for a given number of cuts is called the circle cutting or pancake cutting problem. The ...

In 1891, Chebyshev and Sylvester showed that for sufficiently large x, there exists at least one prime number p satisfying x<p<(1+alpha)x, where alpha=0.092.... Since the ...

The number two (2) is the second positive integer and the first prime number. It is even, and is the only even prime (the primes other than 2 are called the odd primes). The ...

Consider the process of taking a number, multiplying its digits, then multiplying the digits of numbers derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. ...