TOPICS
Search

Circle Division by Lines


CircleCutting

Circle division by lines, also called the circle cutting or pancake cutting problem, asks for the maximum number f(n) of regions into which n distinct straight lines passing through the interior of a closed disk can divide it, where n is a nonnegative integer. The minimum number is n+1, and every number of regions between the minimum and maximum is attainable. For a maximum arrangement, the nth cut creates n new regions. With f(0)=1, the first values and recurrence for n>=1 are

f(1)=2
(1)
f(2)=2+f(1)
(2)
f(n)=n+f(n-1).
(3)

For n>=3, this gives

f(n)=n+[(n-1)+f(n-2)]
(4)
=n+(n-1)+...+2+f(1)
(5)
=f(1)+sum_(k=2)^(n)k
(6)
=2+1/2(n+2)(n-1)
(7)
=1/2(n^2+n+2).
(8)

Evaluating for n=1, 2, ... gives 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, ... (OEIS A000124). This is equivalent to the maximal number of regions into which a plane can be cut by n lines.


See also

Circle Division by Chords, Plane Division by Circles, Plane Division by Ellipses, Plane Division by Lines, Space Division by Planes, Space Division by Spheres, Square Division by Lines

Explore with Wolfram|Alpha

References

Santaló, L. A. "Sobre la distribución de planos en el espacio." Rev. Unión Mat. Argentina 13, 120-124, 1948.Sloane, N. J. A. Sequence A000124/M1041 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."Sloane, N. J. A. and Plouffe, S. Figure M1041 in The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1995.Trott, M. "Coloring Closed Curves." §1.6 in The Mathematica GuideBook for Graphics. New York: Springer-Verlag, pp. 393-430, 2004. https://www.mathematicaguidebooks.org/.Wells, D. The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers. Middlesex, England: Penguin Books, p. 31, 1986.Yaglom, A. M. and Yaglom, I. M. Challenging Mathematical Problems with Elementary Solutions, Vol. 1. New York: Dover, pp. 102-106, 1987.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Circle Division by Lines

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Circle Division by Lines." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/CircleDivisionbyLines.html

Subject classifications