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A finite field is a field with a finite field order (i.e., number of elements), also called a Galois field. The order of a finite field is always a prime or a power of a ...

The natural logarithm lnx is the logarithm having base e, where e=2.718281828.... (1) This function can be defined lnx=int_1^x(dt)/t (2) for x>0. This definition means that e ...

A "square" word consists of two identical adjacent subwords (for example, acbacb). A squarefree word contains no square words as subwords (for example, abcacbabcb). The only ...

The triangular snake graph TS_n is the graph on n vertices with n odd defined by starting with the path graph P_(n-1) and adding edges (2i-1,2i+1) for i=1, ..., n-1. The ...

A special case of the quadratic Diophantine equation having the form x^2-Dy^2=1, (1) where D>0 is a nonsquare natural number (Dickson 2005). The equation x^2-Dy^2=+/-4 (2) ...

A triangle in which all three angles are acute angles. A triangle which is neither acute nor a right triangle (i.e., it has an obtuse angle) is called an obtuse triangle. ...

The conjecture that the number of alternating sign matrices "bordered" by +1s A_n is explicitly given by the formula A_n=product_(j=0)^(n-1)((3j+1)!)/((n+j)!). This ...

The Andrews-Gordon identity (Andrews 1974) is the analytic counterpart of Gordon's combinatorial generalization of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities (Gordon 1961). It has a ...

First stated in 1924, the Banach-Tarski paradox states that it is possible to decompose a ball into six pieces which can be reassembled by rigid motions to form two balls of ...

The Barth sextic is a sextic surface in complex three-dimensional projective space having the maximum possible number of ordinary double points, namely 65. The surface was ...