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The inverse cosine is the multivalued function cos^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arccosz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 307; ...

The modified bessel function of the second kind is the function K_n(x) which is one of the solutions to the modified Bessel differential equation. The modified Bessel ...

The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

The triangle line that passes through the inner and outer Soddy centers S and S^'. The Soddy line is central line L_(657) and has trilinear equation ...

A series is called artistic if every three consecutive terms have a common three-way ratio P[a_i,a_(i+1),a_(i+2)]=((a_i+a_(i+1)+a_(i+2))a_(i+1))/(a_ia_(i+2)). A series is ...

In a cochain complex of modules ...->C^(i-1)->^(d^(i-1))C^i->^(d^i)C^(i+1)->..., the module B^i of i-coboundaries is the image of d^(i-1). It is a submodule of C^i and is ...

The four-dimensional version of the gradient, encountered frequently in general relativity and special relativity, is del _mu=[1/cpartial/(partialt); partial/(partialx); ...

The mean square displacement (MSD) of a set of N displacements x_n is given by <|x|^2>=sum_(k=1)^N|x_k|^2. It arises particularly in Brownian motion and random walk problems. ...

One million (10^6) bytes. Unfortunately, the term is sometimes also used to mean 2^(20)=1024^2=1048576 bytes. Furthermore, a third meaning of the term refers to 1024000 bytes ...

What is the longest ladder that can be moved around a right-angled hallway of unit width? For a straight, rigid ladder, the answer is 2sqrt(2), which allows the ladder to ...