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The game of tic-tac-toe, also spelled ticktacktoe and also known as 3-in-a-row or "naughts and crosses," is a game in which players alternate placing pieces (typically Xs for ...

The nth k-statistic k_n is the unique symmetric unbiased estimator of the cumulant kappa_n of a given statistical distribution, i.e., k_n is defined so that <k_n>=kappa_n, ...

An alternating group is a group of even permutations on a set of length n, denoted A_n or Alt(n) (Scott 1987, p. 267). Alternating groups are therefore permutation groups. ...

Given a unit circle, pick two points at random on its circumference, forming a chord. Without loss of generality, the first point can be taken as (1,0), and the second by ...

Clausen's integral, sometimes called the log sine integral (Borwein and Bailey 2003, p. 88) is the n=2 case of the S_2 Clausen function Cl_2(theta) = ...

The cuban primes, named after differences between successive cubic numbers, have the form n^3-(n-1)^3. The first few are 7, 19, 37, 61, 127, 271, ... (OEIS A002407), which ...

The constant e^pi that Gelfond's theorem established to be transcendental seems to lack a generally accepted name. As a result, in this work, it will be dubbed Gelfond's ...

The geometric mean of a sequence {a_i}_(i=1)^n is defined by G(a_1,...,a_n)=(product_(i=1)^na_i)^(1/n). (1) Thus, G(a_1,a_2) = sqrt(a_1a_2) (2) G(a_1,a_2,a_3) = ...

In statistical mechanics, the two-dimensional Ising model is a popular tool used to study the dipole moments of magnetic spins. The Ising model in two dimensions is a type of ...

Kloosterman's sum is defined by S(u,v,n)=sum_(h)exp[(2pii(uh+vh^_))/n], (1) where h runs through a complete set of residues relatively prime to n and h^_ is defined by hh^_=1 ...