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A continuous distribution defined on the range x in [0,2pi) with probability density function P(x)=(e^(bcos(x-a)))/(2piI_0(b)), (1) where I_0(x) is a modified Bessel function ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

In geometry, the term "enlargement" is a synonym for expansion. In nonstandard analysis, let X be a set of urelements, and let V(X) be the superstructure with individuals in ...

The first example discovered of a map from a higher-dimensional sphere to a lower-dimensional sphere which is not null-homotopic. Its discovery was a shock to the ...

Multiple edges are two or more edges connecting the same two vertices within a multigraph. Multiple edges of degree d_(ij) between vertex i and vertex j correspond to an ...

A toroidal polyhedron is a polyhedron with genus g>=1 (i.e., one having one or more holes). Examples of toroidal polyhedra include the Császár polyhedron and Szilassi ...

A vector basis of a vector space V is defined as a subset v_1,...,v_n of vectors in V that are linearly independent and span V. Consequently, if (v_1,v_2,...,v_n) is a list ...

The Wiener sum index WS is a graph index defined for a graph on n nodes by WS=1/2sum_(i=1)^nsum_(j=1)^n((d)_(ij))/((Omega)_(ij)), where (d)_(ij) is the graph distance matrix ...

The Neuberg cubic Z(X_(30)) of a triangle DeltaABC is the locus of all points P whose reflections in the sidelines BC, CA, and ABform a triangle perspective to DeltaABC. It ...

The triangle line that passes through the inner and outer Soddy centers S and S^'. The Soddy line is central line L_(657) and has trilinear equation ...