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A right triangle whose legs are in the ratio 2:1 is sometimes known as a "dom," a name derived from "half a domino." The name was suggested by Andrew Clarke and preferred in ...

Lucas's theorem states that if n>=3 be a squarefree integer and Phi_n(z) a cyclotomic polynomial, then Phi_n(z)=U_n^2(z)-(-1)^((n-1)/2)nzV_n^2(z), (1) where U_n(z) and V_n(z) ...

The next prime function NP(n) gives the smallest prime larger than n. The function can be given explicitly as NP(n)=p_(1+pi(n)), where p_i is the ith prime and pi(n) is the ...

A noneulerian graph is a graph that is not Eulerian. The numbers of simple noneulerian graphs on n=1, 2, ... nodes are 2, 3, 10, 30, 148, 1007, 12162, 272886, ... (OEIS ...

A perfect ruler also called a complete ruler, is type of ruler considered by Guy (1994) which has k distinct marks spaced such that the distances between marks can be used to ...

Let a>|b|, and write h(theta)=(acostheta+b)/(2sintheta). (1) Then define P_n(x;a,b) by the generating function f(x,w)=f(costheta,w)=sum_(n=0)^inftyP_n(x;a,b)w^n ...

A pseudotree is a connected pseudoforest, i.e., an undirected connected graph that contains at most one graph cycle. Connected acyclic graphs (i.e., trees), are therefore ...

Two or more lines which have no intersections but are not parallel, also called agonic lines. Since two lines in the plane must intersect or be parallel, skew lines can exist ...

A solvable Lie group is a Lie group G which is connected and whose Lie algebra g is a solvable Lie algebra. That is, the Lie algebra commutator series ...

Given a ring R with identity, the special linear group SL_n(R) is the group of n×n matrices with elements in R and determinant 1. The special linear group SL_n(q), where q is ...