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"Poincaré transformation" is the name sometimes (e.g., Misner et al. 1973, p. 68) given to what other authors (e.g., Weinberg 1972, p. 26) term an inhomogeneous Lorentz ...

The contravariant four-vector arising in special and general relativity, x^mu=[x^0; x^1; x^2; x^3]=[ct; x; y; z], (1) where c is the speed of light and t is time. ...

The derivative of the power x^n is given by d/(dx)(x^n)=nx^(n-1).

The derivative identity d/(dx)[f(x)g(x)] = lim_(h->0)(f(x+h)g(x+h)-f(x)g(x))/h (1) = (2) = lim_(h->0)[f(x+h)(g(x+h)-g(x))/h+g(x)(f(x+h)-f(x))/h] (3) = f(x)g^'(x)+g(x)f^'(x), ...

A distance g on a set that fulfils the same properties as a metric except relaxes the definition to allow the distance between two different points to be zero. An example of ...

A tensor-like object which reverses sign under inversion. Given a transformation matrix A, A_(ij)^'=det|A|a_(ik)a_(jl)A_(kl), where det is the determinant. A pseudotensor is ...

The derivative rule d/(dx)[(f(x))/(g(x))]=(g(x)f^'(x)-f(x)g^'(x))/([g(x)]^2).

A related rates problem is the determination of the rate at which a function defined in terms of other functions changes. Related rates problems can be solved by computing ...

The relative rate of change of a function f(x) is the ratio if its derivative to itself, namely R(f(x))=(f^'(x))/(f(x)).

Suppose for every point x in a manifold M, an inner product <·,·>_x is defined on a tangent space T_xM of M at x. Then the collection of all these inner products is called ...