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Consider a first-order logic formula Phi in Skolemized form forall x_1... forall x_nS. Then the Herbrand universe H of S is defined by the following rules. 1. All constants ...

The Gregory series is a pi formula found by Gregory and Leibniz and obtained by plugging x=1 into the Leibniz series, pi/4=sum_(k=1)^infty((-1)^(k+1))/(2k-1)=1-1/3+1/5-... ...

Binet's formula is an equation which gives the nth Fibonacci number as a difference of positive and negative nth powers of the golden ratio phi. It can be written as F_n = ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It requires m+1 points and fits all polynomials to degree 2m, so it effectively fits exactly all ...

An equation or formula involving transcendental functions.

Let (a)_i be a sequence of complex numbers and let the lower triangular matrices F=(f)_(nk) and G=(g)_(nk) be defined as f_(nk)=(product_(j=k)^(n-1)(a_j+k))/((n-k)!) and ...

For any set theoretic formula f(x,t_1,t_2,...,t_n), In other words, for any formula and set A there is a subset of A consisting exactly of those elements which satisfy the ...

The set of terms of first-order logic (also known as first-order predicate calculus) is defined by the following rules: 1. A variable is a term. 2. If f is an n-place ...

A method of numerically integrating ordinary differential equations by using a trial step at the midpoint of an interval to cancel out lower-order error terms. The ...

A formula for numerical solution of differential equations, (1) where k_1 = hf(x_n,y_n) (2) k_2 = hf(x_n+1/2h,y_n+1/2k_1) (3) k_3 = ...