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A univariate function f(x) is said to be even provided that f(x)=f(-x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the y-axis. Examples of even functions include 1 ...

Consider h_+(d) proper equivalence classes of forms with discriminant d equal to the field discriminant, then they can be subdivided equally into 2^(r-1) genera of ...

A method for numerical solution of a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')=f(x,y) first expounded by Gauss. It proceeds by introducing a function delta^(-2)f ...

A generalization of an ordinary two-dimensional surface embedded in three-dimensional space to an (n-1)-dimensional surface embedded in n-dimensional space. A hypersurface is ...

The symmetry operation corresponding to a rotation followed by an inversion operation, also called a rotoinversion. This operation is denoted n^_ for an improper rotation by ...

A polynomial admitting a multiplicative inverse. In the polynomial ring R[x], where R is an integral domain, the invertible polynomials are precisely the constant polynomials ...

The partial differential equation (1+f_y^2)f_(xx)-2f_xf_yf_(xy)+(1+f_x^2)f_(yy)=0 (Gray 1997, p. 399), whose solutions are called minimal surfaces. This corresponds to the ...

A roll of 4 on a pair of six-sided dice in the game of craps (Gardner 1978, p. 256). The probability of rolling "a little Joe" is 1/12, or 8.333...%. A roll of "4 the hard ...

Let L be a lattice (or a bounded lattice or a complemented lattice, etc.), and let C_L be the covering relation of L: C_L={(x,y) in L^2|x covers y or y covers x}. Then C_L is ...

The two integrals involving Bessel functions of the first kind given by (alpha^2-beta^2)intxJ_n(alphax)J_n(betax)dx ...