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A fractional ideal is a generalization of an ideal in a ring R. Instead, a fractional ideal is contained in the number field F, but has the property that there is an element ...

Fredholm's theorem states that, if A is an m×n matrix, then the orthogonal complement of the row space of A is the null space of A, and the orthogonal complement of the ...

The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is a parameter commonly used to describe the width of a "bump" on a curve or function. It is given by the distance between points on the ...

Let X and Y be Banach spaces and let f:X->Y be a function between them. f is said to be Gâteaux differentiable if there exists an operator T_x:X->Y such that, for all v in X, ...

The Georges graph, illustrated above, is 50-node graph which is the smallest currently known example of a 3-connected bicubic nonhamiltonian graph. It is implemented in the ...

The golden angle is the angle that divides a full angle in a golden ratio (but measured in the opposite direction so that it measures less than 180 degrees), i.e., GA = ...

Successive points dividing a golden rectangle into squares lie on a logarithmic spiral (Wells 1991, p. 39; Livio 2002, p. 119) which is sometimes known as the golden spiral. ...

Gomoku, also called go-moku (Japanese for "five points") is a tic-tac-toe-like game in which two players alternately place pieces, with each player using pieces of a fixed ...

A group action G×Omega->Omega might preserve a special kind of partition of Omega called a system of blocks. A block is a subset Delta of Omega such that for any group ...

A cycle graph of a group is a graph which shows cycles of a group as well as the connectivity between the cycles. Such graphs are constructed by drawing labeled nodes, one ...