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An ambiguous figure in which the brain switches between seeing a rabbit and a duck. The duck-rabbit was "originally noted" by American psychologist Joseph Jastrow (Jastrow ...

The radius of curvature is given by R=1/(|kappa|), (1) where kappa is the curvature. At a given point on a curve, R is the radius of the osculating circle. The symbol rho is ...

The term "real line" has a number of different meanings in mathematics. Most commonly, "real line" is used to mean real axis, i.e., a line with a fixed scale so that every ...

A roulette is a curve traced by a fixed point on a closed convex curve as that curve rolls without slipping along a second curve. The roulettes described by the foci of ...

One of the set of symbols C_i, C_s, C_1, C_2, C_3, C_4, C_5, C_6, C_7, C_8, C_(2h), C_(3h), C_(4h), C_(5h), C_(6h), C_(2v), C_(3v), C_(4v), C_(5v), C_(6v), C_(inftyv), D_2, ...

In the above illustration, black dots appear to form and vanish at the intersections of the gray horizontal and vertical lines. When focusing attention on a single white dot, ...

A root-finding algorithm which assumes a function to be approximately linear in the region of interest. Each improvement is taken as the point where the approximating line ...

The following table gives the centers of the second Yff circles triangle in terms of the centers of the reference triangle for Kimberling centers X_n with n<=100. X_n center ...

Let the number of random walks on a d-D hypercubic lattice starting at the origin which never land on the same lattice point twice in n steps be denoted c_d(n). The first few ...

The negative derivative S(v)=-D_(v)N (1) of the unit normal N vector field of a surface is called the shape operator (or Weingarten map or second fundamental tensor). The ...