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A regular continued fraction is a simple continued fraction x = b_0+1/(b_1+1/(b_2+1/(b_3+...))) (1) = K_(k=1)^(infty)1/(b_k) (2) = [b_0;b_1,b_2,...], (3) where b_0 is an ...

Christoffel symbols of the second kind are the second type of tensor-like object derived from a Riemannian metric g which is used to study the geometry of the metric. ...

The intersection H of the three altitudes AH_A, BH_B, and CH_C of a triangle is called the orthocenter. The name was invented by Besant and Ferrers in 1865 while walking on a ...

The constant pi, denoted pi, is a real number defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference C to its diameter d=2r, pi = C/d (1) = C/(2r) (2) pi has decimal expansion ...

Let Pi be a permutation of n elements, and let alpha_i be the number of permutation cycles of length i in this permutation. Picking Pi at random, it turns out that ...

A topological space decomposes into its connected components. The connectedness relation between two pairs of points satisfies transitivity, i.e., if a∼b and b∼c then a∼c. ...

The circumference of a graph is the length of any longest cycle in a graph. Hamiltonian graphs on n>1 vertices therefore have circumference of n. For a cyclic graph, the ...

The eccentricity epsilon(v) of a graph vertex v in a connected graph G is the maximum graph distance between v and any other vertex u of G. For a disconnected graph, all ...

The adjacency list representation of a graph consists of n lists one for each vertex v_i, 1<=i<=n, which gives the vertices to which v_i is adjacent. The adjacency lists of a ...

The algebraic connectivity of a graph is the numerically second smallest eigenvalue (counting multiple eigenvalues separately) of the Laplacian matrix of a graph G. In other ...