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A uniform distribution of points on the circumference of a circle can be obtained by picking a random real number between 0 and 2pi. Picking random points on a circle is ...

In one dimension, the Gaussian function is the probability density function of the normal distribution, f(x)=1/(sigmasqrt(2pi))e^(-(x-mu)^2/(2sigma^2)), (1) sometimes also ...

A goodness-of-fit test for any statistical distribution. The test relies on the fact that the value of the sample cumulative density function is asymptotically normally ...

A formal extension of the hypergeometric function to two variables, resulting in four kinds of functions (Appell 1925; Picard 1880ab, 1881; Goursat 1882; Whittaker and Watson ...

In response to a letter from Goldbach, Euler considered sums of the form s_h(m,n) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)(1+1/2+...+1/k)^m(k+1)^(-n) (1) = ...

To pick a random point on the surface of a unit sphere, it is incorrect to select spherical coordinates theta and phi from uniform distributions theta in [0,2pi) and phi in ...

A method of determining the maximum number of positive and negative real roots of a polynomial. For positive roots, start with the sign of the coefficient of the lowest (or ...

The divided difference f[x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n], sometimes also denoted [x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n] (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972), on n+1 points x_0, x_1, ..., x_n of a function f(x) ...

Fisher's exact test is a statistical test used to determine if there are nonrandom associations between two categorical variables. Let there exist two such variables X and Y, ...

The computation of points or values between ones that are known or tabulated using the surrounding points or values. In particular, given a univariate function f=f(x), ...