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Polycairos are polyforms obtained from the Cairo tessellation, illustrated above. The numbers of polycairos with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 2, 5, 17, 55, 206, 781, 3099, ...

An n-polyhedral graph (sometimes called a c-net) is a 3-connected simple planar graph on n nodes. Every convex polyhedron can be represented in the plane or on the surface of ...

Polynomial identities involving sums and differences of like powers include x^2-y^2 = (x-y)(x+y) (1) x^3-y^3 = (x-y)(x^2+xy+y^2) (2) x^3+y^3 = (x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2) (3) x^4-y^4 = ...

Polyrects are polyforms obtained from a rectangular grid, illustrated above. The numbers of polyrects with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 2, 3, 9, 21, 68, 208, ... (OEIS ...

Polyrhombs are polyforms obtained from a rhombic grid, illustrated above. The numbers of polyrhombs with n=1, 2, ... components are 1, 1, 3, 7, 20, 62, 204, ... (OEIS ...

A positive measure is a measure which is a function from the measurable sets of a measure space to the nonnegative real numbers. Sometimes, this is what is meant by measure, ...

The term used in physics and engineering for a harmonic function. Potential functions are extremely useful, for example, in electromagnetism, where they reduce the study of a ...

The two-dimensional space consisting of the set of triples {(a,b,c):a,b,c in K, not all zero}, where triples which are scalar multiples of each other are identified.

Given a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c), the fractions a/b and b/a are called Pythagorean fractions. Diophantus showed that the Pythagorean fractions consist precisely of ...

A quadratic recurrence is a recurrence equation on a sequence of numbers {x_n} expressing x_n as a second-degree polynomial in x_k with k<n. For example, x_n=x_(n-1)x_(n-2) ...