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Ball and Coxeter (1987, pp. 277-278) define the ladder graph nP_2, here called the ladder rung graph, of order n as the graph union of n copies of the path graph P_2. The ...

The smallest cubic graphs with graph crossing number CN(G)=n have been termed "crossing number graphs" or n-crossing graphs by Pegg and Exoo (2009). The n-crossing graphs are ...

The torus grid graph T_(m,n) is the graph formed from the graph Cartesian product C_m square C_n of the cycle graphs C_m and C_n. C_m square C_n is isomorphic to C_n square ...

A uniquely k-colorable graph G is a chi-colorable graph such that every chi-coloring gives the same partition of G (Chao 2001). Examples of uniquely minimal colorable classes ...

A regular graph that is not strongly regular is known as a weakly regular graph. There are no weakly regular simple graphs on fewer than six nodes, and the numbers on n=6, 7, ...

In two dimensions, there are two periodic circle packings for identical circles: square lattice and hexagonal lattice. In 1940, Fejes Tóth proved that the hexagonal lattice ...

In 1611, Kepler proposed that close packing (either cubic or hexagonal close packing, both of which have maximum densities of pi/(3sqrt(2)) approx 74.048%) is the densest ...

The regular octahedron, often simply called "the" octahedron, is the Platonic solid with six polyhedron vertices, 12 polyhedron edges, and eight equivalent equilateral ...

The Euler-Mascheroni constant gamma=0.577215664901532860606512090082402431042... (OEIS A001620) was calculated to 16 digits by Euler in 1781 and to 32 decimal places by ...

The figure eight knot, also known as the Flemish knot and savoy knot, is the unique prime knot of four crossings 04-001. It has braid word ...