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Let (a)_i and (b)_i be sequences of complex numbers such that b_j!=b_k for j!=k, and let the lower triangular matrices F=(f)_(nk) and G=(g)_(nk) be defined as ...

An analog of the determinant for number triangles defined as a signed sum indexed by set partitions of {1,...,n} into pairs of elements. The Pfaffian is the square root of ...

The Frobenius norm, sometimes also called the Euclidean norm (a term unfortunately also used for the vector L^2-norm), is matrix norm of an m×n matrix A defined as the square ...

The zeros of the derivative P^'(z) of a polynomial P(z) that are not multiple zeros of P(z) are the positions of equilibrium in the field of force due to unit particles ...

For an arbitrary not identically constant polynomial, the zeros of its derivatives lie in the smallest convex polygon containing the zeros of the original polynomial.

If any of the roots of a polynomial are increased, then all of the critical points increase.

A sequence of approximations a/b to sqrt(n) can be derived by factoring a^2-nb^2=+/-1 (1) (where -1 is possible only if -1 is a quadratic residue of n). Then ...

Let {f_n(x)} be a sequence of analytic functions regular in a region G, and let this sequence be uniformly convergent in every closed subset of G. If the analytic function ...

The conjecture that the number of alternating sign matrices "bordered" by +1s A_n is explicitly given by the formula A_n=product_(j=0)^(n-1)((3j+1)!)/((n+j)!). This ...

The natural norm induced by the L2-norm. Let A^(H) be the conjugate transpose of the square matrix A, so that (a_(ij))^(H)=(a^__(ji)), then the spectral norm is defined as ...