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A partition is a way of writing an integer n as a sum of positive integers where the order of the addends is not significant, possibly subject to one or more additional ...

A Riemann surface is a surface-like configuration that covers the complex plane with several, and in general infinitely many, "sheets." These sheets can have very complicated ...

Separation of variables is a method of solving ordinary and partial differential equations. For an ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=g(x)f(y), (1) where f(y)is nonzero ...

The term "square" can be used to mean either a square number ("x^2 is the square of x") or a geometric figure consisting of a convex quadrilateral with sides of equal length ...

The word "algebra" is a distortion of the Arabic title of a treatise by al-Khwārizmī about algebraic methods. In modern usage, algebra has several meanings. One use of the ...

A ring in the mathematical sense is a set S together with two binary operators + and * (commonly interpreted as addition and multiplication, respectively) satisfying the ...

A (0,2)-graph is a connected graph such that any two vertices have 0 or 2 common neighbors. (0,2)-graphs are regular, and the numbers of (0,2)-graphs with vertex degree 0, 1, ...

257 is a Fermat prime, and the 257-gon is therefore a constructible polygon using compass and straightedge, as proved by Gauss. An illustration of the 257-gon is not included ...

The Ackermann function is the simplest example of a well-defined total function which is computable but not primitive recursive, providing a counterexample to the belief in ...

The set of roots of a polynomial f(x,y,z)=0. An algebraic surface is said to be of degree n=max(i+j+k), where n is the maximum sum of powers of all terms ...