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Assume X, Y, and Z are lotteries. Denote "X is preferred to Y" as X≻Y, and indifference between them by X∼Y. One version of the probability axioms are then given by the ...

An independent variable is a variable whose values don't depend on changes in other variables. This is in contrast to the definition of dependent variable. As with dependent ...

If a subgroup H of G has a group representation phi:H×W->W, then there is a unique induced representation of G on a vector space V. The original space W is contained in V, ...

Given a sequence of real numbers a_n, the infimum limit (also called the limit inferior or lower limit), written lim inf and pronounced 'lim-inf,' is the limit of ...

A real-valued univariate function f=f(x) is said to have an infinite discontinuity at a point x_0 in its domain provided that either (or both) of the lower or upper limits of ...

The initial side of an angle theta drawn in angle standard position is the side lying on the positive x-axis. In general, viewing an angle as the amount of rotation about the ...

Let f be a function defined on a set A and taking values in a set B. Then f is said to be an injection (or injective map, or embedding) if, whenever f(x)=f(y), it must be the ...

The intangents circle is the circumcircle of the intangents triangle. It has circle function l=((-a+b+c)f(a,b,c))/(8a^2b^2c^2cosAcosBcosC), (1) where (2) which is not a ...

If A and B are commutative unit rings, and A is a subring of B, then A is called integrally closed in B if every element of B which is integral over A belongs to A; in other ...

An integrating factor is a function by which an ordinary differential equation can be multiplied in order to make it integrable. For example, a linear first-order ordinary ...