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Carmichael's conjecture asserts that there are an infinite number of Carmichael numbers. This was proven by Alford et al. (1994).

The central difference for a function tabulated at equal intervals f_n is defined by delta(f_n)=delta_n=delta_n^1=f_(n+1/2)-f_(n-1/2). (1) First and higher order central ...

The modulus of a complex number z, also called the complex norm, is denoted |z| and defined by |x+iy|=sqrt(x^2+y^2). (1) If z is expressed as a complex exponential (i.e., a ...

A general mathematical property obeyed by mathematical objects in which all elements are within a neighborhood of nearby points. The continuous maps between topological ...

y approx m+sigmaw, (1) where w = (2) where h_1(x) = 1/6He_2(x) (3) h_2(x) = 1/(24)He_3(x) (4) h_(11)(x) = -1/(36)[2He_3(x)+He_1(x)] (5) h_3(x) = 1/(120)He_4(x) (6) h_(12)(x) ...

The Császár polyhedron is a polyhedron that is topologically equivalent to a torus which was discovered in the late 1940s by Ákos Császár (Gardner 1975). It has 7 polyhedron ...

The Earth-Moon problem is a special case of the empire problem for countries with m=2 disjoint regions, with one region of each country lying on the Earth and one on the Moon ...

In mathematics, a small positive infinitesimal quantity, usually denoted epsilon or epsilon, whose limit is usually taken as epsilon->0. The late mathematician P. Erdős also ...

(1) for p in [0,1], where delta is the central difference and E_(2n) = G_(2n)-G_(2n+1) (2) = B_(2n)-B_(2n+1) (3) F_(2n) = G_(2n+1) (4) = B_(2n)+B_(2n+1), (5) where G_k are ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...