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The envelope of the plane lx+my+nz=c, (1) where c is the speed of propagation of a wave in the direction (l,m,n) (i.e., l, m, and n are the direction cosines) is known as the ...

A series is called artistic if every three consecutive terms have a common three-way ratio P[a_i,a_(i+1),a_(i+2)]=((a_i+a_(i+1)+a_(i+2))a_(i+1))/(a_ia_(i+2)). A series is ...

The symbol O(x), pronounced "big-O of x," is one of the Landau symbols and is used to symbolically express the asymptotic behavior of a given function. In particular, if n is ...

A curve whose name means "shell form." Let C be a curve and O a fixed point. Let P and P^' be points on a line from O to C meeting it at Q, where P^'Q=QP=k, with k a given ...

The directrix of a conic section is the line which, together with the point known as the focus, serves to define a conic section as the locus of points whose distance from ...

The descending chain condition, commonly abbreviated "D.C.C.," is the dual notion of the ascending chain condition. The descending chain condition for a partially ordered set ...

Eisenstein's irreducibility criterion is a sufficient condition assuring that an integer polynomial p(x) is irreducible in the polynomial ring Q[x]. The polynomial ...

Euler integration was defined by Schanuel and subsequently explored by Rota, Chen, and Klain. The Euler integral of a function f:R->R (assumed to be piecewise-constant with ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be even provided that f(x)=f(-x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the y-axis. Examples of even functions include 1 ...

Consider a first-order ODE in the slightly different form p(x,y)dx+q(x,y)dy=0. (1) Such an equation is said to be exact if (partialp)/(partialy)=(partialq)/(partialx). (2) ...