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The term "integral" can refer to a number of different concepts in mathematics. The most common meaning is the the fundamenetal object of calculus corresponding to summing ...

Let sumu_k be a series with positive terms and let f(x) be the function that results when k is replaced by x in the formula for u_k. If f is decreasing and continuous for ...

Let X be an infinite set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A,B in V(X) be finitary algebras with finitely many operations, and ...

An intrinsically linked graph is a graph having the property that any embedding of it in three dimensions contains a nontrivial link. A graph is intrinsically linked iff it ...

A quantity which remains unchanged under certain classes of transformations. Invariants are extremely useful for classifying mathematical objects because they usually reflect ...

The notion of an inverse is used for many types of mathematical constructions. For example, if f:T->S is a function restricted to a domain S and range T in which it is ...

A semigroup S is said to be an inverse semigroup if, for every a in S, there is a unique b (called the inverse of a) such that a=aba and b=bab. This is equivalent to the ...

The term "isomorphic" means "having the same form" and is used in many branches of mathematics to identify mathematical objects which have the same structural properties. ...

Let S be a mathematical statement, then the Iverson bracket is defined by [S]={0 if S is false; 1 if S is true, (1) and corresponds to the so-called characteristic function. ...

The Kauffman X-polynomial, also called the normalized bracket polynomial, is a 1-variable knot polynomial denoted X (Adams 1994, p. 153), L (Kauffman 1991, p. 33), or F ...