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Find consecutive powers, i.e., solutions to x^p-y^q=+/-1, excluding 0 and 1. Catalan's conjecture states that the only solution is 3^2-2^3=1, so 8 and 9 (2^3 and 3^2) are the ...

The curve a hanging flexible wire or chain assumes when supported at its ends and acted upon by a uniform gravitational force. The word catenary is derived from the Latin ...

A surface with tetrahedral symmetry which looks like an inflatable chair from the 1970s. It is given by the implicit equation The surface illustrated above has k=5, a=0.95, ...

A chiral knot is a knot which is not capable of being continuously deformed into its own mirror image. A knot that can be so deformed is then called an amphichiral knot. ...

In Homogeneous coordinates (x_1,x_2,x_3), the equation of a circle C is a(x_1^2+x_2^2)+2fx_2x_3+2gx_1x_3+cx_3^2=0. The discriminant of this circle is defined as Delta=|a 0 g; ...

A mathematical structure A is said to be closed under an operation + if, whenever a and b are both elements of A, then so is a+b. A mathematical object taken together with ...

Let V be a vector space over a field K, and let A be a nonempty set. For an appropriately defined affine space A, K is called the coefficient field.

The conversion of a quadratic polynomial of the form ax^2+bx+c to the form a(x+b/(2a))^2+(c-(b^2)/(4a)), which, defining B=b/2a and C=c-b^2/4a, simplifies to a(x+B)^2+C.

If two numbers b and c have the property that their difference b-c is integrally divisible by a number m (i.e., (b-c)/m is an integer), then b and c are said to be "congruent ...

A number puzzle in which a group of arithmetical operations has some or all of its digits replaced by letters or symbols, and where the original digits must be found. In such ...