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The proof theories of propositional calculus and first-order logic are often referred to as classical logic. Intuitionistic propositional logic can be described as classical ...

In nonstandard analysis, the transfer principle is the technical form of the following intuitive idea: "Anything provable about a given superstructure V by passing to a ...

Consider a first-order logic formula Phi in Skolemized form forall x_1... forall x_nS. Then the Herbrand universe H of S is defined by the following rules. 1. All constants ...

A formal logic developed by Alonzo Church and Stephen Kleene to address the computable number problem. In the lambda calculus, lambda is defined as the abstraction operator. ...

A law in (2-valued) logic which states there is no third alternative to truth or falsehood. In other words, for any statement A, either A or not-A must be true and the other ...

A term in logic meaning pertaining to truth and falsehood.

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

The symbol v variously means "disjunction" (i.e., OR in logic) or "join" (for a lattice).

Propositional calculus is the formal basis of logic dealing with the notion and usage of words such as "NOT," "OR," "AND," and "implies." Many systems of propositional ...

The study of the meaning and relationships of statements used to represent precise mathematical ideas. Symbolic logic is also called formal logic.