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Let P(1/x) be a linear functional acting according to the formula <P(1/x),phi> = Pint(phi(x))/xdx (1) = ...

The numbers of eigenvalues that are positive, negative, or 0 do not change under a congruence transformation. Gradshteyn and Ryzhik (2000) state it as follows: when a ...

Let E be a linear space over a field K. Then the vector space tensor product tensor _(lambda=1)^(k)E is called a tensor space of degree k. More specifically, a tensor space ...

An alkane graph is a tree in which vertices correspond to atoms and edges to carbon-carbon or hydrogen-carbon bonds in a chemical alkane. In chemistry, an alkane is an ...

Let L be a finite-dimensional split semisimple Lie algebra over a field of field characteristic 0, H a splitting Cartan subalgebra, and Lambda a weight of H in a ...

The Fibonacci numbers are the sequence of numbers {F_n}_(n=1)^infty defined by the linear recurrence equation F_n=F_(n-1)+F_(n-2) (1) with F_1=F_2=1. As a result of the ...

A second-order linear Hermitian operator is an operator L^~ that satisfies int_a^bv^_L^~udx=int_a^buL^~v^_dx. (1) where z^_ denotes a complex conjugate. As shown in ...

Given a homogeneous linear second-order ordinary differential equation, y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0, (1) call the two linearly independent solutions y_1(x) and y_2(x). Then ...

A Lie algebra is a vector space g with a Lie bracket [X,Y], satisfying the Jacobi identity. Hence any element X gives a linear transformation given by ad(X)(Y)=[X,Y], (1) ...

Affine functions represent vector-valued functions of the form f(x_1,...,x_n)=A_1x_1+...+A_nx_n+b. The coefficients can be scalars or dense or sparse matrices. The constant ...