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A commutative Noetherian unit ring having only finitely many maximal ideals. A ring having the same properties except Noetherianity is called quasilocal. If K is a field, the ...

A separable extension K of a field F is one in which every element's algebraic number minimal polynomial does not have multiple roots. In other words, the minimal polynomial ...

Find the shape of a soap film (i.e., minimal surface) which will fill two inverted conical funnels facing each other is known as Sinclair's soap film problem (Bliss 1925, p. ...

The Sombor spectral radius rho_(Sombor) of a graph is defined as the largest eigenvalue of the Sombor matrix. Liu et al. (2022) shows that for any tree, ...

The spherical distance between two points P and Q on a sphere is the distance of the shortest path along the surface of the sphere (paths that cut through the interior of the ...

Given n points, find the line segments with the shortest possible total length which connect the points. The segments need not necessarily be straight from one point to ...

A multimagic square such that the first, second, third, and fourth powers of the elements all yield magic squares is known as a tetramagic square. The first known tetramagic ...

By way of analogy with the eban numbers, uban numbers are defined as numbers whose English names do not contain the letter "u" (i.e., "u" is banned). Note that this ...

A matrix whose elements may contain complex numbers. The matrix product of two 2×2 complex matrices is given by (1) where R_(11) = ...

Given relatively prime integers p and q (i.e., (p,q)=1), the Dedekind sum is defined by s(p,q)=sum_(i=1)^q((i/q))(((pi)/q)), (1) where ((x))={x-|_x_|-1/2 x not in Z; 0 x in ...