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The eight Gell-Mann matrices lambda_i, i=1,...,8, are an example of the set of generators of the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(3). Explicitly, these ...

A graceful labeling (or graceful numbering) is a special graph labeling of a graph on m edges in which the nodes are labeled with a subset of distinct nonnegative integers ...

A fractal curve of infinite length which bounds an area twice that of the original square.

The H-fractal is a fractal constructed by starting with the line segments corresponding to a capital letter H, then iteratively placing smaller H's centered at the top and ...

The arithmetic-geometric mean agm(a,b) of two numbers a and b (often also written AGM(a,b) or M(a,b)) is defined by starting with a_0=a and b_0=b, then iterating a_(n+1) = ...

Perfect numbers are positive integers n such that n=s(n), (1) where s(n) is the restricted divisor function (i.e., the sum of proper divisors of n), or equivalently ...

The totient function phi(n), also called Euler's totient function, is defined as the number of positive integers <=n that are relatively prime to (i.e., do not contain any ...

The devil's curve was studied by G. Cramer in 1750 and Lacroix in 1810 (MacTutor Archive). It appeared in Nouvelles Annales in 1858. The Cartesian equation is ...

A Steiner quadruple system is a Steiner system S(t=3,k=4,v), where S is a v-set and B is a collection of k-sets of S such that every t-subset of S is contained in exactly one ...

A multiplication table is an array showing the result of applying a binary operator to elements of a given set S. For example, the following table is the multiplication table ...