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All Euclidean geometric constructions can be carried out with a straightedge alone if, in addition, one is given the radius of a single circle and its center. The theorem was ...

A principal nth root omega of unity is a root satisfying the equations omega^n=1 and sum_(i=0)^(n-1)omega^(ij)=0 for j=1, 2, ..., n. Therefore, every primitive root of unity ...

A random permutation is a permutation containing a fixed number n of a random selection from a given set of elements. There are two main algorithms for constructing random ...

If the coefficients of the polynomial d_nx^n+d_(n-1)x^(n-1)+...+d_0=0 (1) are specified to be integers, then rational roots must have a numerator which is a factor of d_0 and ...

An idealized computing machine consisting of a fixed set of data registers and set of instructions for operating on them. Register machines are also known as counter machines ...

A ruled surface is called a right conoid if it can be generated by moving a straight line intersecting a fixed straight line such that the lines are always perpendicular ...

A circle packing is called rigid (or "stable") if every circle is fixed by its neighbors, i.e., no circle can be translated without disturbing other circles of the packing ...

The Robertson-Seymour theorem, also called the graph minor theorem, is a generalization of the Kuratowski reduction theorem by Robertson and Seymour, which states that the ...

The spherical curve obtained when moving along the surface of a sphere with constant speed, while maintaining a constant angular velocity with respect to a fixed diameter ...

A simple polyhedron, also called a simplicial polyhedron, is a polyhedron that is topologically equivalent to a sphere (i.e., if it were inflated, it would produce a sphere) ...