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Two families of equations used to find roots of nonlinear functions of a single variable. The "B" family is more robust and can be used in the neighborhood of degenerate ...

A transformation that preserves angles and changes all distances in the same ratio, called the ratio of magnification. A similarity can also be defined as a transformation ...

A single-valued function is function that, for each point in the domain, has a unique value in the range. It is therefore one-to-one or many-to-one. A single-valued complex ...

Let a and b be nonzero integers such that a^mb^n!=1 (except when m=n=0). Also let T(a,b) be the set of primes p for which p|(a^k-b) for some nonnegative integer k. Then ...

Egg-shaped curves constructed using multiple circles which Thom (1967) used to model Megalithic stone rings in Britain.

Trigonometric functions of npi/11 for n an integer cannot be expressed in terms of sums, products, and finite root extractions on real rational numbers because 11 is not a ...

Trigonometric functions of npi/13 for n an integer cannot be expressed in terms of sums, products, and finite root extractions on real rational numbers because 13 is not a ...

The trigonometric formulas for pi/5 can be derived using the multiple-angle formula sin(5theta)=5sintheta-20sin^3theta+16sin^5theta. (1) Letting theta=pi/5 and x=sintheta ...

A number n which is an integer multiple k of the sum of its unitary divisors sigma^*(n) is called a unitary k-multiperfect number. There are no odd unitary multiperfect ...

A walk is a sequence v_0, e_1, v_1, ..., v_k of graph vertices v_i and graph edges e_i such that for 1<=i<=k, the edge e_i has endpoints v_(i-1) and v_i (West 2000, p. 20). ...