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A quadrilateral, sometimes also known as a tetragon or quadrangle (Johnson 1929, p. 61) is a four-sided polygon. If not explicitly stated, all four polygon vertices are ...

The radical line, also called the radical axis, is the locus of points of equal circle power with respect to two nonconcentric circles. By the chordal theorem, it is ...

The regular octahedron, often simply called "the" octahedron, is the Platonic solid with six polyhedron vertices, 12 polyhedron edges, and eight equivalent equilateral ...

The utility problem posits three houses and three utility companies--say, gas, electric, and water--and asks if each utility can be connected to each house without having any ...

A finite group is a group having finite group order. Examples of finite groups are the modulo multiplication groups, point groups, cyclic groups, dihedral groups, symmetric ...

There are many formulas of pi of many types. Among others, these include series, products, geometric constructions, limits, special values, and pi iterations. pi is ...

The cocktail party graph of order n, also called the hyperoctahedral graph (Biggs 1993, p. 17), n-octahedron graph O_n (Jungerman and Ringel 1978), matching graph (Arvind et ...

A fractal is an object or quantity that displays self-similarity, in a somewhat technical sense, on all scales. The object need not exhibit exactly the same structure at all ...

Inversion is the process of transforming points P to a corresponding set of points P^' known as their inverse points. Two points P and P^' are said to be inverses with ...

The Jacobi elliptic functions are standard forms of elliptic functions. The three basic functions are denoted cn(u,k), dn(u,k), and sn(u,k), where k is known as the elliptic ...