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A hypergeometric series sum_(k)c_k is a series for which c_0=1 and the ratio of consecutive terms is a rational function of the summation index k, i.e., one for which ...

The doublestruck capital letter Z, Z, denotes the ring of integers ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, .... The symbol derives from the German word Zahl, meaning "number" (Dummit and Foote ...

Wolfram (2002, p. 123) considered the sequence related to the Collatz problem obtained by iterating w_n={3/2w_(n-1) for w_(n-1) even; 3/2(w_(n-1)+1) for w_(n-1) odd (1) ...

Integrals over the unit square arising in geometric probability are int_0^1int_0^1sqrt(x^2+y^2)dxdy=1/3[sqrt(2)+sinh^(-1)(1)] int_0^1int_0^1sqrt((x-1/2)^2+(y-1/2)^2)dxdy ...

Let A and B_j be sets. Conditional probability requires that P(A intersection B_j)=P(A)P(B_j|A), (1) where intersection denotes intersection ("and"), and also that P(A ...

If f(z) is regular and of the form O(e^(k|z|)) where k<pi, for R[z]>=0, and if f(z)=0 for z=0, 1, ..., then f(z) is identically zero.

For a unit circle with parametric equations x = cost (1) y = sint, (2) the negative pedal curve with respect to the pedal point (r,0) is x_n = (r-cost)/(rcost-1) (3) y_n = ...

The triangle T that is externally tangent to the excircles and forms their triangular hull is called the extangents triangle (Kimberling 1998, p. 162). It is homothetic to ...

A root-finding algorithm which makes use of a third-order Taylor series f(x)=f(x_n)+f^'(x_n)(x-x_n)+1/2f^('')(x_n)(x-x_n)^2+.... (1) A root of f(x) satisfies f(x)=0, so 0 ...

Let sumu_k be a series with positive terms and let f(x) be the function that results when k is replaced by x in the formula for u_k. If f is decreasing and continuous for ...