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The Laplacian spectral ratio R_L(G) of a connected graph G is defined as the ratio of its Laplacian spectral radius to its algebraic connectivity. If a connected graph of ...

A graph Gamma is locally Petersen if, for each point t of Gamma, the graph induced by Gamma on all points adjacent to t (i.e., the neighborhood graph) is isomorphic to the ...

The term "loop" has a number of meanings in mathematics. Most simply, a loop is a closed curve whose initial and final points coincide in a fixed point p known as the ...

The mean distance of a (connected) graph is the mean of the elements of its graph distance matrix. Closed forms for some classes of named graphs are given in the following ...

The index associated to a metric tensor g on a smooth manifold M is a nonnegative integer I for which index(gx)=I for all x in M. Here, the notation index(gx) denotes the ...

Multi-index notation is used to shorten expressions that contain many indices. Let x in R^n and write x=(x_1,...,x_n). A multi-index alpha is an n-tuple of integers alpha_j ...

A magic square is said to be p-multimagic if the square formed by replacing each element by its kth power for k=1, 2, ..., p is also magic. A 2-multimagic square is called ...

The Napoleon-Feuerbach cubic is the pivotal isogonal cubic with nine-point center N as the pivot point. It therefore has trilinear equation ...

Beautiful patterns can be created by drawing sets of nested polygons such that the incircle of the nth polygon is the circumcircle of the (n+1)st and successive polygons are ...

The Neuberg cubic Z(X_(30)) of a triangle DeltaABC is the locus of all points P whose reflections in the sidelines BC, CA, and ABform a triangle perspective to DeltaABC. It ...