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Given any open set U in R^n with compact closure K=U^_, there exist smooth functions which are identically one on U and vanish arbitrarily close to U. One way to express this ...

The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is a parameter commonly used to describe the width of a "bump" on a curve or function. It is given by the distance between points on the ...

The Hurwitz zeta function zeta(s,a) is a generalization of the Riemann zeta function zeta(s) that is also known as the generalized zeta function. It is classically defined by ...

The shah function is defined by m(x) = sum_(n=-infty)^(infty)delta(x-n) (1) = sum_(n=-infty)^(infty)delta(x+n), (2) where delta(x) is the delta function, so m(x)=0 for x not ...

The cotangent function cotz is the function defined by cotz = 1/(tanz) (1) = (i(e^(iz)+e^(-iz)))/(e^(iz)-e^(-iz)) (2) = (i(e^(2iz)+1))/(e^(2iz)-1), (3) where tanz is the ...

Dawson's integral (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, pp. 295 and 319), also sometimes called Dawson's function, is the entire function given by the integral F(x) = ...

The Mertens function is the summary function M(n)=sum_(k=1)^nmu(k), (1) where mu(n) is the Möbius function (Mertens 1897; Havil 2003, p. 208). The first few values are 1, 0, ...

The Mittag-Leffler function (Mittag-Leffler 1903, 1905) is an entire function defined by the series E_alpha(z)=sum_(k=0)^infty(z^k)/(Gamma(alphak+1)) (1) for alpha>0. It is ...

A pairing function is a function that reversibly maps Z^*×Z^* onto Z^*, where Z^*={0,1,2,...} denotes nonnegative integers. Pairing functions arise naturally in the ...

A result in control theory. Define H(psi,x,u)=(psi,f(x,u))=sum_(a=0)^npsi_af^a(x,u). Then in order for a control u(t) and a trajectory x(t) to be optimal, it is necessary ...