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There are a number of meanings for the word "arc" in mathematics. In general, an arc is any smooth curve joining two points. The length of an arc is known as its arc length. ...

Let X_1,X_2,...,X_N be a set of N independent random variates and each X_i have an arbitrary probability distribution P(x_1,...,x_N) with mean mu_i and a finite variance ...

If Y_i have normal independent distributions with mean 0 and variance 1, then chi^2=sum_(i=1)^rY_i^2 (1) is distributed as chi^2 with r degrees of freedom. This makes a chi^2 ...

A cubic curve invented by Diocles in about 180 BC in connection with his attempt to duplicate the cube by geometrical methods. The name "cissoid" first appears in the work of ...

The conjugate gradient method can be applied on the normal equations. The CGNE and CGNR methods are variants of this approach that are the simplest methods for nonsymmetric ...

The dihedral group D_3 is a particular instance of one of the two distinct abstract groups of group order 6. Unlike the cyclic group C_6 (which is Abelian), D_3 is ...

The continuous Fourier transform is defined as f(nu) = F_t[f(t)](nu) (1) = int_(-infty)^inftyf(t)e^(-2piinut)dt. (2) Now consider generalization to the case of a discrete ...

The distribution function D(x), also called the cumulative distribution function (CDF) or cumulative frequency function, describes the probability that a variate X takes on a ...

A two-player game, also called crosscram, in which player H has horizontal dominoes and player V has vertical dominoes. The two players alternately place a domino on a board ...

The Dyson mod 27 identities are a set of four Rogers-Ramanujan-like identities given by A(q) = 1+sum_(n=1)^(infty)(q^(n^2)(q^3;q^3)_(n-1))/((q;q)_n(q;q)_(2n-1)) (1) = ...