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A table made by subtracting adjacent entries in a sequence, then repeating the process with those numbers.

The operator representing the computation of a derivative, D^~=d/(dx), (1) sometimes also called the Newton-Leibniz operator. The second derivative is then denoted D^~^2, the ...

An algorithm which allows digits of a given number to be calculated without requiring the computation of earlier digits. The BBP formula for pi is the best-known such ...

A number n such that the "LED representation" of n (i.e., the arrangement of horizonal and vertical lines seen on a digital clock or pocket calculator), n upside down, n in a ...

Given any assignment of n-element sets to the n^2 locations of a square n×n array, is it always possible to find a partial Latin square? The fact that such a partial Latin ...

A Diophantine equation is an equation in which only integer solutions are allowed. Hilbert's 10th problem asked if an algorithm existed for determining whether an arbitrary ...

A Dirichlet L-series is a series of the form L_k(s,chi)=sum_(n=1)^inftychi_k(n)n^(-s), (1) where the number theoretic character chi_k(n) is an integer function with period k, ...

A graph G is said to be disconnected if it is not connected, i.e., if there exist two nodes in G such that no path in G has those nodes as endpoints. The numbers of ...

The discrete uniform distribution is also known as the "equally likely outcomes" distribution. Letting a set S have N elements, each of them having the same probability, then ...

To divide is to perform the operation of division, i.e., to see how many times a divisor d goes into another number n. n divided by d is written n/d or n÷d. The result need ...