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When the elliptic modulus k has a singular value, the complete elliptic integrals may be computed in analytic form in terms of gamma functions. Abel (quoted in Whittaker and ...

According to Euler's rotation theorem, any rotation may be described using three angles. If the rotations are written in terms of rotation matrices D, C, and B, then a ...

In response to a letter from Goldbach, Euler considered sums of the form s_h(m,n) = sum_(k=1)^(infty)(1+1/2+...+1/k)^m(k+1)^(-n) (1) = ...

The sum-of-factorial powers function is defined by sf^p(n)=sum_(k=1)^nk!^p. (1) For p=1, sf^1(n) = sum_(k=1)^(n)k! (2) = (-e+Ei(1)+pii+E_(n+2)(-1)Gamma(n+2))/e (3) = ...

Let K be a number field with r_1 real embeddings and 2r_2 imaginary embeddings and let r=r_1+r_2-1. Then the multiplicative group of units U_K of K has the form ...

A Gray code is an encoding of numbers so that adjacent numbers have a single digit differing by 1. The term Gray code is often used to refer to a "reflected" code, or more ...

The Heilbronn triangle problem is to place n>=3 points in a disk (square, equilateral triangle, etc.) of unit area so as to maximize the area Delta(n) of the smallest of the ...

The curve produced by fixed point P on the circumference of a small circle of radius b rolling around the inside of a large circle of radius a>b. A hypocycloid is therefore a ...

The Koch snowflake is a fractal curve, also known as the Koch island, which was first described by Helge von Koch in 1904. It is built by starting with an equilateral ...

Let S(x) denote the number of positive integers not exceeding x which can be expressed as a sum of two squares (i.e., those n<=x such that the sum of squares function ...