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A square which can be dissected into a number of smaller squares with no two equal is called a perfect square dissection (or a squared square). Square dissections in which ...

N_phi(m) is the number of integers n for which the totient function phi(n)=m, also called the multiplicity of m (Guy 1994). Erdős (1958) proved that if a multiplicity occurs ...

The j-function is the modular function defined by j(tau)=1728J(tau), (1) where tau is the half-period ratio, I[tau]>0, ...

A graph G having chromatic number chi(G)<=k is called a k-colorable graph (Harary 1994, p. 127). In contrast, a graph having chi(G)=k is said to be a k-chromatic graph. Note ...

A cubic number is a figurate number of the form n^3 with n a positive integer. The first few are 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, ... (OEIS A000578). The protagonist Christopher ...

A special case of the quadratic Diophantine equation having the form x^2-Dy^2=1, (1) where D>0 is a nonsquare natural number (Dickson 2005). The equation x^2-Dy^2=+/-4 (2) ...

A Pythagorean triple is a triple of positive integers a, b, and c such that a right triangle exists with legs a,b and hypotenuse c. By the Pythagorean theorem, this is ...

Smarandache sequences are any of a number of simply generated integer sequences resembling those considered in published works by Smarandache such as the consecutive number ...

A general n-gonal antiprism is a polyhedron consisting of identical top and bottom n-gonal faces whose periphery is bounded by a band of 2n triangles with alternating up-down ...

A 4-cusped hypocycloid which is sometimes also called a tetracuspid, cubocycloid, or paracycle. The parametric equations of the astroid can be obtained by plugging in n=a/b=4 ...