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Any geometric correlation which transforms one range into a projectively related pencil (or vice versa).

A proper subset S^' of a set S, denoted S^' subset S, is a subset that is strictly contained in S and so necessarily excludes at least one member of S. The empty set is ...

A method to obtain a signal C_l(z) with a flat spectrum c(theta;z) (such as a pulse), but having a smaller amplitude than the pulse. ...

If f(x)=f_0+f_1x+f_2x^2+...+f_nx^n+..., (1) then S(n,j)=f_jx^j+f_(j+n)x^(j+n)+f_(j+2n)x^(j+2n)+... (2) is given by S(n,j)=1/nsum_(t=0)^(n-1)w^(-jt)f(w^tx), (3) where ...

A root having multiplicity n=1 is called a simple root. For example, f(z)=(z-1)(z-2) has a simple root at z_0=1, but g=(z-1)^2 has a root of multiplicity 2 at z_0=1, which is ...

A transformation characterized by an invariant line and a scale factor (one-way stretch) or two invariant lines and corresponding scale factors (two-way stretch).

In the theory of special functions, a class of functions is said to be "of the third kind" if it is similar to but distinct from previously defined functions already defined ...

A triangular grid, also called an isometric grid (Gardner 1986, pp. 209-210), is a grid formed by tiling the plane regularly with equilateral triangles.

cos(pi/(15)) = 1/8(sqrt(30+6sqrt(5))+sqrt(5)-1) (1) cos((2pi)/(15)) = 1/8(sqrt(30-6sqrt(5))+sqrt(5)+1) (2) cos((4pi)/(15)) = 1/8(sqrt(30+6sqrt(5))-sqrt(5)+1) (3) ...

cos(pi/(16)) = 1/2sqrt(2+sqrt(2+sqrt(2))) (1) cos((3pi)/(16)) = 1/2sqrt(2+sqrt(2-sqrt(2))) (2) cos((5pi)/(16)) = 1/2sqrt(2-sqrt(2-sqrt(2))) (3) cos((7pi)/(16)) = ...