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A continuous-time stochastic process W(t) for t>=0 with W(0)=0 and such that the increment W(t)-W(s) is Gaussian with mean 0 and variance t-s for any 0<=s<t, and increments ...

A variant of the Pollard p-1 method which uses Lucas sequences to achieve rapid factorization if some factor p of N has a decomposition of p+1 in small prime factors.

The (m,n)-windmill graph is the graph obtained by taking m copies of the complete graph K_n with a vertex in common (Gallian 2011, p. 16). The (m,n)-windmill graph is ...

A single axiom that is satisfied only by NAND or NOR must be of the form "something equals a," since otherwise constant functions would satisfy the equation. With up to six ...

A prize of 100000 German marks offered for the first valid proof of Fermat's last theorem (Ball and Coxeter 1987, p. 72; Barner 1997; Hoffman 1998, pp. 193-194 and 199). The ...

An illusion invented by the German psychologist Wilhelm Wundt in the 19th century. In the figure above, the two red horizontal lines are both straight, but they look as if ...

Begin with the Yff central triangle and then parallel-displace the isoscelizers in such a way as to reduce the central triangle to a point while keeping the other three ...

The Yff hyperbola is the hyperbola given parametrically by (1) The trilinear equation is complicated expression with coefficients up to degree 10 in the side lengths. This ...

A figure used in many Asian cultures to symbolize the unity of the two "opposite" female and male elements, the "yin" and "yang." The solid and hollow parts composing the ...

The Zak transform is a signal transform relevant to time-continuous signals sampled at a uniform rate and an arbitrary clock phase (Janssen 1988). The Zak transform of a ...