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Consider (1) If the probability distribution is governed by a Markov process, then P_3(y_1,t_1;y_2,t_2|y_3,t_3) = P_2(y_2,t_2|y_3,t_3) (2) = P_2(y_2|y_3,t_3-t_2). (3) ...

An expression built up from statements letters by appropriate application of connectives (Mendelson 1997, p. 13).

A surface generated by the parametric equations x(u,v) = ucosv (1) y(u,v) = usinv (2) z(u,v) = vcosu. (3) The above image uses u in [-4,4] and v in [0,6.25]. The coefficients ...

1.5 times the H-spread.

A set of moves which a player plans to follow while playing a game.

An inequality is strict if replacing any "less than" and "greater than" signs with equal signs never gives a true expression. For example, a<=b is not strict, whereas a<b is.

Let n be an elliptic pseudoprime associated with (E,P), and let n+1=2^sk with k odd and s>=0. Then n is a strong elliptic pseudoprime when either kP=0 (mod n) or 2^rkP=0 (mod ...

If a subset S of the elements of a field F satisfies the field axioms with the same operations of F, then S is called a subfield of F. In a finite field of field order p^n, ...

A condition which, if true, guarantees that a result is also true. (However, the result may also be true if the condition is not met.) If a condition is both necessary and ...

Given a sequence of real numbers a_n, the supremum limit (also called the limit superior or upper limit), written lim sup and pronounced 'lim-soup,' is the limit of ...